Sterilization is the term used to refer to permanent birth control. Sterilization is considered to be 99% effective. The only form of birth control that is 100% effective is abstinence, no sex.
Vasectomy
For people with a penis, sterilization is called a vasectomy. This is a same day, in-office procedure where the tube that carries the sperm is separated. This no longer allows the sperm to reach the egg.
Vasectomy does not affect the person's ability to produce semen or have an erection.
There is follow up that must be completed to ensure the vasectomy was completed properly and the sperm is no longer present. It is important to follow the surgeon's instructions so there is no surprise pregnancy!
Vasectomies are considered permanent, despite options that offer reversals. When having a vasectomy, the patient needs to be sure that having children is not desired.
Tubal Sterilization (Salpingectomy)
For people with a uterus, sterilization is a bilateral tubal salpingectomy, also known as getting your tubes tied. This is a same day procedure that can be done laparoscopically or vaginally. It will depend on you and your surgeon's preference on which way your surgery is completed.
Most sterilizations today are completed as salpingectomy, which means removal of the entire fallopian tube. Current research shows that a salpingectomy reduces the risk of ovarian cancer and is covered by most insurance and Medicaid because of this.
Some providers still choose to do a tubal ligation with burning, tying or clipping the tubes to prevent the egg from reaching the uterus. This can come with risks of ectopic pregnancy and does not protect as well against ovarian cancer.
Salpingectomy and tubal ligation are both considered permanent birth control. It is important to be absolutely sure childbearing is completed before choosing this method.
It's important to talk to your provider about which type of procedure is completed to make an informed decision about your surgery.
Learn More About Birth Control Options
This article is part of Haven Health Education, where we explain birth control options so you can make informed decisions about your reproductive health.
Permanent Birth Control Counseling in Greensboro and Across North Carolina
If you are considering permanent birth control options like vasectomy or tubal sterilization, Haven Health provides counseling in Greensboro, North Carolina and by telehealth across the state to help you understand your choices before surgery.
Many patients have questions about salpingectomy, tubal ligation, vasectomy, effectiveness, recovery, and long-term considerations. Haven Health helps you review your options and prepares you for conversations with your surgeon so you can make an informed decision.
Patients from Greensboro, High Point, Jamestown, Oak Ridge, Summerfield, Kernersville, and surrounding Guilford County communities visit Haven Health for personalized reproductive care.
If you live anywhere in Winston-Salem, Charlotte, Raleigh, Durham, Asheville, Wilmington, or other North Carolina communities, you can schedule a virtual visit to talk through permanent birth control options without needing to come into the office.
Haven Health offers patient-centered, evidence-based reproductive care both in person and online across North Carolina.